Jet pumps are often used in high-angle or horizontal wells because they operate without mechanical downhole components. Still, well geometry introduces flow challenges that must be addressed to maintain stable performance. This article outlines how deviation affects jet pump behavior and how to correct common problems.
Challenges in Deviated and Horizontal Wells
These wells may experience:
- Uneven inflow distribution along the lateral
- Gas hold-up in low spots
- Difficulty keeping the intake fully submerged
- Return fluid instability during changes in flow regime
Each factor influences intake pressure and the pump’s ability to sustain drawdown.
Recognizing Geometry-Related Problems
Watch for:
- Intake pressure swings without a clear pattern
- Increasing gas interference during rate changes
- Slugging, especially after shut-ins
- More frequent solids accumulation
Geometry often creates localized flow conditions that disturb the system even when reservoir conditions are stable.
Diagnostic Steps
- Confirm intake placement relative to the fluid column.
- Review flow modeling to identify unstable sections of the well.
- Analyze intake pressure trends for signs of slug flow.
- Check for solids buildup in low sections of the wellbore.
Corrective Actions
- Adjust the power fluid rate to stabilize return flow.
- Modify inflow controls or chokes to limit slugging.
- Reassess pump depth to keep the intake in the most stable section.
- Improve fluid conditioning to smooth variations in density and gas content.
With proper analysis and adjustments, jet pumps perform well in deviated and horizontal wells and often provide more stability than mechanical lift options.